Division of labour is the specialisation of cooperative labour. Division of labor limited tasks and roles in order to increase the efficiency of labour. Generally the growth of a more and more complex division of labour is closely associated with the growth of total output and business, the rise of capitalism, and the complexity of industrialisation processes. 
The division of labor is the source of economic interdependence.
The division of labor is the source of economic interdependence.Adam Smith and Division of Labor
The main focus of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations is the concept of economic growth. Growth, according to Smith, is based on the increasing division of labor. This idea shows that the breaking down of large jobs into many tiny components is necessary. According to this idea, each worker becomes an expert in one isolated area of production, thus his productivity increases. Productive labor, to Smith, realizes two important requirements. First, it must "lead to the production of tangible objects." Second, labor must "create a surplus" which can be reinvested into production.
Another main concern for Smith involved tracing the roots of value. He identified this two different kinds of value, "use value" and "exchange value." The exchange value interested Smith considerably.
Another main concern for Smith involved tracing the roots of value. He identified this two different kinds of value, "use value" and "exchange value." The exchange value interested Smith considerably.
Global Division of Labour
There are few comprehensive studies of the global division of labour.In one study, Deon Filmer guesses that 2,474 million people participated in the global non-domestic labour force in the mid-1990s. Of these,
around 15%, or 379 million people, worked in industry,
a third, or 800 million worked in services, and
over 40%, or 1,074 million, in agriculture.
The majority of workers in industry and services were wage & salary earners - 58 percent of the industrial workforce and 65 percent of the services workforce. But a big portion were self-employed or involved in family labour. Filmer suggests the total of employees worldwide in the 1990s was about 880 million, compared with around a billion working on own account on the land (mainly peasants), and some 480 million working on own account in industry and services.
Advantages of Division of Labor
1.Mor
e efficient in terms of time.2.Reduces the time needed for training because the task is simplified.
3.Increases productivity because training time is reduced and the worker is productive in a short amount of time.
4.Concentration on one repetitive task makes workers more skilled at performing that task.
5.Little time is spent moving between tasks so overall time wasted is reduced.
6.The overall quality of the product will increasingly bring welfare gains to the consumer
Disadvantages of Division of Labor
1.Lack of motivation: the quality of labour decreases while absenteeis may rise.
2.Growing dependency: a break in production may cause problems to the entire process.
3.Loss of flexibility: workers have limited knowledge while not many jobs opportunities are available.
4.Higher start-up costs: high initial costs necessary to buy the specialist machinery lead to a higher break-even point.
Assembly Line
An assembly line is a producing in which parts are added to a product in a sequential manner using optimally planned logistics to create a finished product much faster than with handcrafting-type methods. The best known form of the assembly line was realized into practice by Ford Motor Company between 1908 and 1913, and made famous in the following decade by the social branchs of production. Assembly line technology is necessary for a worker to focus his or her attention on one small part of the production process.
Mass Production
Mass production is the method of producing goods in large quantities at low cost pe
r unit. Although mass production allows lower prices, it does not have to mean low-quality production. The mass production process is described by mechanization to achieve high volume, elaborate organization of materials flow through various stages of manufacturing, careful supervision of quality standards, and minute division of labour. To make it beneficial, mass production requires mass consumption. Until relatively recent times the only large-scale demand for standardized, uniform products came from military organizations. The major experiments that eventually led to mass production were first performed under the aegis of the military.
r unit. Although mass production allows lower prices, it does not have to mean low-quality production. The mass production process is described by mechanization to achieve high volume, elaborate organization of materials flow through various stages of manufacturing, careful supervision of quality standards, and minute division of labour. To make it beneficial, mass production requires mass consumption. Until relatively recent times the only large-scale demand for standardized, uniform products came from military organizations. The major experiments that eventually led to mass production were first performed under the aegis of the military. Sources:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_line
http://www.willamette.edu/~fthompso/MgmtCon/Mass_Production.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_production
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_of_labor
1 yorum:
Thanks so much for the blog article.Really looking forward to read more. Want more.
Tibco training
Tibco spotfire training
RPA training
Ruby on rails training
Abinitio training
Android training
Ansible training
Appium training
AWS training
Yorum Gönder